Figure18.2 Longitudinal view of the aortic arch showing brachiocephalic vessels ostia free of significant atherosclerotic desease.

Figure18.3 Descending aorta scanning through left thoracotomy prior to circumflex artery grafting.

Figure18.4 Epiaortic ultrasound showing better visualization of the anterior aspect of ascending aorta through extrapericardial (a) compared with intrapericardial (b) view.